Alexander Meddings
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Verified WriterFew civilizations in history have left a legacy like ancient Rome. They have given us the basis of our art and architecture, our engineering and education, and in countries like the US, even the political framework that structures our society. Monty Python summed this up best in their iconic sketch from the Life of Brian: “All right, but apart from the sanitation, the medicine, education, wine, public order, irrigation, roads, a fresh water system, and public health, what have the Romans ever done for us?”
But one of the most lasting legacies of this ancient civilization is the ancient Roman language of Latin.
Latin is, by definition, a dead language, meaning that though people might still learn it, nobody speaks it as their mother tongue. The ancient Roman language lives on in part through the Romance languages which sprung from it — Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, and Romanian. But the only people who speak it in its ancient or medieval form are the priests, cardinals, and popes of the Vatican or a dwindling number of students, often from private schools.
But while Latin might be dead, it is very much alive in how it continues to influence modern culture, through film, art, and literature. Once you start looking you’ll find it everywhere: from ad hoc common expressions to scientific terms, legal terminologies, and even pop culture references.
This blog takes a look at Latin's continuing influence on modern civilization, including its impact on language, science, law, mythology, literature and even tourism.
Latin phrases have effortlessly merged into everyday speech and writing, giving our communication a sense of cultural richness and continuity. Many of these Latin idioms became part of our language without us being aware of their historic origins.
Exhort someone close to you to make the most of a moment and you might say carpe diem which means "pluck the day". Offer someone something to smooth over a business deal and you might suggest a quid pro quo (“something for something”) — you scratch my back and I'll scratch yours.
In your advertising or marketing communication, you might offer up a caveat (“beware”): our energy drink may be the best on the market but it won’t transform you into a marathon runner overnight. Or you might be thinking of voting at the next elections for the Monster Raving Loony Party because you’re sick of the status quo (“the existing state of affairs”).
Exploring the meanings and historical contexts of these Latin idioms not only enriches our knowledge of the language but also connects us to the ancient Romans who created them.
The influence of the ancient Roman language extends far beyond popular phrases and into the fields of health and science. Latin is the foundation of scientific and medical terminology, serving as a universal language for researchers and professionals worldwide.
Anyone who’s written a school or university paper will have used some Latin terminology. The most common example is e.g. (exempli gratia) which literally translates as “for the sake of an example.” Then there’s i.e. (id est) which literally means “that is.” Finally, we have etc. (et cetera) which we most commonly translate as “and the rest”.
The Roman language continues to play an important role in scientific and academic fields, enabling clarity and precision in communication, from taxonomy and anatomical words to pharmaceutical terminology.
Roman mythology is prevalent in modern pop culture, affecting literature, film, and other types of entertainment. The gods and goddesses of ancient Rome, like Jupiter, Venus, and Mars, continue to inspire and impress audiences in modern narratives.
Among the pantheon of Roman gods was the Capitoline Triad of Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva who had their own temple on Rome's Capitoline Hill. The Capitoline was the religious and political focal point of the ancient Rome and lent its name to Washington DC's Capitol Hill: the political center of the USA.
Another famous hill was the Palatine (Palatium, in Latin). Home to Rome's rich and famous and the site of their villas and palaces, palatium has also supplied us with our word 'palace'.
Just as the Romans borrowed freely from Greek mythology, so in turn does Roman mythology keep inspiring modern authors, screenwriters, filmmakers, and artists — connecting us to the Romans' rich mythological history through its timeless themes and archetypal figures.
Throughout history, the Roman language has made a significant impact on literature. Latin influences can be seen in a variety of genres, from classical works to modern fiction.
Renowned authors such as William Shakespeare and John Milton used Latin terms and references in their writings, providing depth and cultural resonance. Authors such as Dan Brown have incorporated Latin references in best-selling works such as The Da Vinci Code, bridging the gap between ancient Rome and modern narrative.
The influence of the Roman language is most notably visible in the legal sphere, where Latin-based terminology is everywhere (or, to use a Latin-based word, pervasive).
Some of ancient Rome’s best-known writers were jurists and lawyers (think Cicero, Pliny, Ulpian). Legal practitioners often use Latin words and idioms to convey specific meanings and build a common language across jurisdictions.
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The Roman Forum was full of law courts (basilicas) where these legal Latin terms were first spoken
If, during a debate, you attack the person rather than the subject, you could be accused of making an ad hominem attack. If you are talking about something which has a legal basis you might refer to it as de jure while if it is grounded in fact, but not necessarily legality, you might refer to it as de facto.
The continued use of Latin in legal terminology indicates its historical importance and continues to define the legal profession, emphasizing the Roman language's long-lasting imprint on today's legal system.
Here’s a full list of Latin legal terms
When we think of ancient Rome, we envision great structures, interesting history, and cultural heritage. In reality, the importance of Latin in tourism is sometimes overlooked.
Latin holds a significant influence on tourism, particularly in regions that were once part of the vast Roman Empire. This classical language not only acts as a linguistic key to understanding the rich history and culture of ancient Rome but also enhances the overall tourism experience for travelers.
Learning Latin enables visitors to interpret inscriptions, plaques, and architectural aspects present in ancient Roman monuments. Visitors obtain a better understanding of the historical context and significance of these constructions by comprehending the meanings behind Latin texts. Being able to read some Latin allows travelers to connect with the stories and narratives hidden within these ancient artifacts, whether through the inscriptions on the walls of the Colosseum in Rome or the exquisitely carved stone tablets of Pompeii.
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The Roman language's significance stretches beyond site visits and communication. Latin is essential in the academic study of Roman Empire history, archaeology, and literature. Latin is the language of many scholarly writings, original sources, and research materials.
While few outside the Vatican can speak fluent Latin, tourists who can read the ancient Roman language can access original writings, read historic manuscripts, and interact with the intellectual community. This connection to Latin allows travelers to gain a better knowledge of Roman culture, customs, and intellectual achievements, allowing them to dig into the complexities of ancient times.
If you like the sound of learning Latin, check out this YouTube series based on the book of the same name.
Welcome to So You Really Want to Learn Latin
Learning Latin is tricky, but rewarding. And gives you a huge advantage in learning the Romance languages which sprung from it: Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, and Romanian.
Ready to carpe diem and dive deeper into Rome’s rich history? Join Carpe Diem’s Rome Tours and discover the fascinating connection between Rome's captivating past and the Roman language of Latin.
Immerse yourself in the ancient inscriptions of the Roman Forum, decipher historic texts in the Capitoline Museums, and engage with expert guides who bring the language to life. Whether you're a language enthusiast, a history buff, or simply curious about the Roman Empire, Carpe Diem Tours offers an unforgettable experience that will enhance your understanding and appreciation of Rome's cultural heritage.
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The best way to understand Rome is to take a look beneath it. Our Rome Catacombs Tour is perfect for travellers who want to get off the beaten track, unearth underground passageways, and discover the secrets of the largest catacombs in Rome.
Prepare to discover the deeper, darker, and more mysterious parts of Roman history with a small group of like-minded adventurers. By digging downwards into the ancient labyrinth of tunnels, we’ll uncover all the secrets and dark tales of the catacombs of Domitilla.
Your friendly expert guide will meet you outside and give you a quick overview of the tour before we make our descent. With our close guidance, you’ll have the chance to explore and discover ancient passageways in the largest, most famous catacombs in Rome. These tunnels are sacred and an integral part of the Christian and Roman faiths. Learn how ancient Christian rites and rituals were held underneath the bustling city streets.
These tunnels were not only a place of ritual, but are still a sacred place of rest for more than 150,000 bodies. These catacombs and the bodies they hold stretch for almost 20 km underground, some of which is yet to be seen by the public eye.
With a maximum of ten travellers per tour group, you’ll have the opportunity to ask plenty of questions. The price of the tour includes the tickets. If you’d like to join us on our Rome Catacombs Tour of the darkest, largest catacombs in Rome, book your spot now to make sure you don’t miss out!
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Explore the wonders of the Eternal City on our best of Rome walking tour. As you get your bearings around Rome’s cobbled historic centre, your expert storyteller will bring Rome’s most must-see sites to life, including the Pantheon, Trevi Fountain, and Piazza Navona. Take photos, make memories, and most importantly, get the most out of your time in the Italian capital!
Your private guide will share the city’s secrets and narrate its story in a way that will make you feel like you’ve stepped back in time – from explaining how the stunningly intricate churches and palaces were erected, to how the grand fountains were used to channel water throughout the city.
We will start at Trajan’s Column, which portrays the bloody victory of the emperor during the Dacian wars in Eastern Europe. We’ll then head to the Piazza Venezia, the crossroads between the ancient city and the modern capital and one of the most scenic squares in Italy!
After taking a moment to marvel at the imposing Altar of the Fatherland, we’ll make our way to the iconic Trevi Fountain. Toss a coin into the fountain, spend a moment soaking in its sounds and scenery (metaphorically, not literally!), and uncover the fascinating stories behind the fountain’s statues and symbols.
After discovering the incredible frescoes within the church of Sant Ignazio, we’ll make our way to the Pantheon where the spectacle of the 2000-year-old dome will blow you away. Marvel at one of the best-preserved buildings of the ancient world, hear the story behind the man who built it, and discover the shocking architectural secret behind how the dome is (or isn’t) supported!
Your private walking tour of Rome finishes at Piazza Navona. The square is situated near some of Rome’s best and most vibrant bars and restaurants and your guide will be happy to recommend where to go.
This tour is suitable for people of all ages and fitness levels. You can expect this memorable experience to last about two hours, which leaves you with more than enough time to explore the city beyond.
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Join our expert guide in an adventure through ancient Rome. No Rome trip would be complete without exploring the Colosseum, Palatine Hill, and Roman Forum — the three most immersive sites of the world’s mightiest ancient empire. So what can you expect from our Colosseum guided tour?
Our most complete three-hour tour of ancient Rome starts at the Colosseum, which you’ll step straight inside with your timed entry tickets. Your expert guide will help you uncover the mysteries and histories of the Colosseum and follow in the footsteps of the ancients. Any question you can think of, they’ve got the answer – so ask away!
What are the holes that pockmark the ancient amphitheatre? Why is one side shorter than the other? And how much do we really know about the gladiators—and even emperors—who battled on the arena sands? (We promise the answers will surprise you!)
After exploring the Colosseum, we’ll climb the Palatine Hill to discover the birthplace of the ancient city. Here, your storyteller guide will recount the mythical foundation of Rome, the legend of Romulus and Remus, and the stories of the emperors who resided on the Palatine, like Augustus, Tiberius, and Caligula. Next, we’ll explore the ruins of some of the most luxurious palaces in Roman history, the emperor’s residences on the Palatine Hill, from which we get our word ‘palace.’
Last but not least, we’ll head into the Roman Forum, the heart of the ancient city. Discover what life was really like for everyday Romans as we explore the social, religious, and political hub of the Roman Empire. Marvel at the remains of towering temples, triumphal arches, sprawling basilicas, and the ancient senate house as you walk on the very same stones that the likes of Caesar and Cicero once did.
This is one of our most popular tours, so be sure to book your slot ASAP!
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Channel your inner-Maximus as you emerge onto the Colosseum arena floor, enjoying exclusive access to this newly reopened section of the world most famous amphitheatre. Don’t settle for half-measures on your Roman holiday. Seize the moment—carpe diem—and treat yourself to an immersive tour of ancient Rome with a private expert guide!
Unlike most other tours, this private tour gets you straight inside the Colosseum and out onto the arena floor through the Gladiator’s Gate. This is the route Rome’s gladiators took almost 2,000 years ago. Imagine the scene of them being greeted by the cheers and jeers of 50,000 spectators.
Your expert private guide will transport you back in time to the height of the Roman Empire when Nero’s Golden Palace fell and the Colosseum was constructed in its place. These were times when Rome was ruled by all-powerful emperors (sometimes wise, sometimes wacky), the city was flooded with exotic riches from around the world, and the Colosseum acted as the city’s main stage for showing off the animals and people that Rome had conquered and captured.
Next, we’ll climb the Palatine Hill, where Romulus founded the city. The Palatine Hill is a real archaeological wonder, home to settlements from the Iron Age to the 16th century. Gaze upon such sites as the Hut of Romulus, the houses of Augustus and Livia, and the Imperial Palace, where the emperors in their family engaged in ruling, politicking, and scheming.
The final destination on your private Colosseum arena tour is the Roman Forum. As the beating heart of ancient Rome, the Roman Forum was once a bustling hub of markets, law courts, temples, and more. It was here that Julius Caesar was cremated, here where two disgraced emperors were murdered in 69 AD, and here where Cicero delivered the speeches that shaped western culture for centuries.
At the end of your private tour, feel free to stay and explore the Forum at your own pace.
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Channel your inner-Maximus as you step out onto the Colosseum Arena floor and access this recently reopened area of the world famous amphitheatre. Then, explore the rest of the heart of ancient Rome, with a friendly, expert guide and a small group of like-minded travellers!
Unlike regular tours of the Colosseum, our Colosseum Arena Tour gets you straight inside the ancient amphitheatre and out onto the arena floor through the Gladiator’s Gate. This is the route the gladiators themselves took almost 2,000 years ago. Imagine the moment they left the gates, and were greeted by the cheers and jeers of 50,000 bloodthirsty spectators.
Your expert guide will transport you back in time to the height of the Roman Empire when the Colosseum was constructed. These were times when Rome was ruled by all-powerful emperors (sometimes wise, sometimes wacky), the city was flooded with exotic riches from around the world, and the Colosseum acted as the city’s main stage for showing off the animals and people that Rome had conquered and captured.
After a short 30-minute break, we’ll head off on the next part of the tour…
Next, we’ll climb the Palatine Hill, where the ancient city was founded. The Palatine Hill is a real archaeological wonder, home to settlements from the Iron Age to the 16th century. Gaze upon such sites as the Hut of Romulus, Rome’s legendary founder, and the Imperial Palace, where the emperors in their family engaged in ruling, politicking, and scheming. Get your camera at the ready – you really can’t beat these views!
The final destination on our Colosseum Arena Tour is the Roman Forum. As the beating heart of ancient Rome, the Roman Forum was once a bustling hub of markets, law courts, temples, and more. It was here that Julius Caesar was cremated, where victorious triumphs paraded with the spoils of Roman conquests, here where two disgraced emperors were murdered in 69 AD, and here where Cicero delivered the speeches that shaped western culture for centuries.
When our tour is over, feel free to stay and explore the Roman Forum at your own pace.
Book the complete ancient Roman experience today with our Colosseum Arena Tour!
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Why is Rome home to the country’s most tight-knit and deep-rooted Jewish community? What’s so special about Trastevere, and why does everyone recommend visiting? Seize the day with Carpe Diem, and we’ll answer all your questions on this exclusive tour of the Jewish Ghetto and Trastevere.
Rome’s Jewish community has been rooted here for thousands of years, even pre-dating the time of Julius Caesar. Through its ancient, medieval, and modern wonders – from the Theatre of Marcellus to the Great Synagogue – Rome’s Jewish Ghetto tells a fascinating story of segregation, persecution and resilience. To truly understand the city of Rome, you need to know how its various communities intersected with each other and how the City of the Caesars became the Rome of the Popes and then the Italian capital.
This tour fully immerses you in the history of the Jewish Ghetto. Discover the 1st-century remains of the Theatre of Marcellus and Portico of Octavia, the sister of the emperor Augustus. Experience the tight-knit community of Rome’s Jewish population, all centred around Ghetto’s Great Synagogue, Tempio Maggiore. And trace the outlines of the Ghetto’s medieval walls, which kept thousands of Jews in inhuman conditions until the Ghetto’s abolition in the 19th century.
After uncovering the secrets of Rome’s Jewish Ghetto, your expert, fluent guide will lead you across the River Tiber and into the artisan district of Trastevere. Your journey across the river takes you across the city’s oldest bridge, the Ponte Fabricio, which has connected the eastern bank of the city to Tiber Island since 62 BC.
As we explore Trastevere, your guide will lead you through the picture-perfect cobbled streets of this traditional medieval neighbourhood. Snap your photos and take your time to admire the unique architecture of this authentic neighbourhood (and hub of Roman nightlife).
Our final stop in Trastevere is Santa Maria in Trastevere, one of the oldest churches still standing in Rome. Incorporating columns retrieved from the nearby imperial Baths of Caracalla, this church is a masterpiece in Roman ingenuity and recycling. Here, you will have more than enough time to ask your expert guide everything you’d like to know about this ancient work of architectural and historical beauty.
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